Hair waving apparatus



May 14, 1935. E, R. BOALS- HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed July 31, 1935 min!- FIG.3. FIG. 4.

INVENTOR ELI RAYBOALS. BY /4&

ATTORNEY 15 in the dielectric clamp body to insulate the scalp vention.

Patented May 14, 1935 Q WAVING APPARATUS EliRay Boals, Pasadena, cairn; assignor to Harry r F. Thompson, Pasadena, Calif. Application July 31 1933, Serial No. 682,902

I l o ai s. (o1. 132 36.1) 7 This invention relatesto improvements in hair Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same partially waving apparatus and more particularly to pro broken away in'vertical section to show the emtective clamps therefor. V bedded hinge structure. v The use of heat, moisture and electricityin the Fig. 3 is a cross section of the same taken on 8 conventional permanent waving of human hair the line III-III, Fig; 2. v I

involves three serious dangers to the person being Fig. 4 is a reverse View 'of Fig.2 showingrthe 'operated upon; to wit; electrocution, dry burning structure of the embedded latchmechanism. and/or scalding the scalp. Fig. 5 is a reverse view'of Fig. .1 showingthe Among the'objects of this invention is to elimibottom of the clamp with the felt insert. 7 1'0 nate the above dangers. Fig. 6 is a side assembly view showing the apl Another object is to interpose dielectric he'at plioation of the present clamp in connection with nonconducting clamps between the heating elethe heater 'for a spiral wave." 'ment and the scalp of the person. l Fig. 7 is aplan view'from above of a croquignole Another object is to imbed all metallic fixtures type clamp modified in accordance withthis infrom the electrical apparatus. Fig.'-8 is a cross section ofthe same'on -the Another object is to so construct and arrange line VHF-VIII, Fig. -7. p the meeting jaws of the clampithat the lock-of In detail the construction illustrated in the I hair :held therein will be shapedand disposed to drawing, referring to'Fig. 1, comprises the jaws arrest capillary attraction of moisture and the land 2 hinged together for relative movement by 20 how of hot vapors at the clam the embedded strap'3 fixed in-the jaw-2 by'the Another object is to provide'moisture cups in pin 4. The opposed jaw ipivots on the pin 5;. the clamps to retain any condensation or hot These jaws are drawn togethe y a latch e011- liquids incidental to the waving operation. ine f the i k embedded in pp A further object is to so combine, arrange and jaws andpivotal on thepin'! fixed in the jaw 2. T25

I unify the clamp assembly that its application and The latch lever 8 has a'bifurcated head llpiv-v functioning will save the operators time and d n t e D fiXed the Outer ehd th render the operation more efiicient. link. In the operative position both the hinge -Other objects and advantages will appear as and the latchmechanisms are embedded in the '30 the description progresses. jaws l and 2 within the peripheral margins- Permanent hair waving is divided into two thereof. t major classes; lthespiral and the croquignole. The jaw :I has the latch lugs l |H en a e by The former is superior in results and preferred the cams l2-I2 on the head 9. When the latch by the: majority of users, but until the present is engaged, these'cams and lugs act as eccentrics invention thedangers above set forthand other o d aw t e ee ing edges of the jaws! and '2 35 incidental discomforts have-minimized thedetogethert mand. The spiral also has previously. required e pposed edges of t e la are h nn led to superior skill because of the inefliciency of the ive the beads Bend l4 formed l lapparatus, especially the clamps. ient rubber packing strips l5 and I6, respectively;

:40 The present invention, with slight modifica- W i0 t us m the meeting edges of t e l w 40 tions, is equally applicable to both types andcoml nd The packing p S the meeting bines the efiiciency and economies of the'croquigi e n t h Pa 0f liquid and D hole with the'superior results of the'spiral type. f om t e ting el e t ee Fi Q'Wh ieh In this specification and the accompanying will hereinafter be more fully d cribed." The drawing the invention is disclosed inits preoverhanging ps and divert Such i .45

ferre'dform. It is to be understood, however, that nto e depressions PS t d o d 1 it is not limited to this form'because it may "in the tops of the jaws resl tive yvv 3 befembodie'd'in other forms 'within'the spiritof *The ends of the packin strip a s apecl'to the invention asdefined in :th claims following abut the'shoulders l9 and'Zll on'their respec- .50 thedescription. tive jaws to prevent lineal travel-of the strips In the one sheet of drawings :-v 1 when they are compressed by the latch 6-8.- Fig. 1 is an enlarged plan view fromabove of x The jaws are provided with the depending-pea clamp constructed in accordancewiththis in- .ripheral flanges 2| and 22 surrounding the lower yention. Somejof the parts are shown in fragplane of the combined jaws, see Fig. 5. This :mentary horizont l ti n. 1 J plane is covered by the protective pad. 23-preferv5.

ilowsz The hair of :the lhead-jof :thewearer, :is-di-' ing thelock.

ably of felt and detachably Secured in place by the common pins 24-24 passing through perforations in the flanges and penetrating the pad 23. These perforations are countersunk to receive the pin heads to prevent them entangling in the hair, yet be easily accessible for withdrawal of the pad for sterilization.

This pad is slit as at 23' toregister with the meeting line.25.of .the packing strips .15 and J6. It is preferable inot to @completely. bisect the pad leaving the hinge at 26 to maintain the integral strength of the pad as much as may be whenthe slit 23' opens with the jaws l and 2.

maintained in the croquignolei itypg shown in Fig. 7. Corresponding partsbearithe common reference numbers with :1: added. In this instance the jaws la: and 2x.'are1straig'ht:lbars.in f stead of semicircular as in the spiral .type. -They.

are hinged together at 3m in the conventional manner and drawnrtogetheribvlthe:latch Grew.

The soft rubber strips :15m and L611: are inter:- posed between the jaws .atfthe meeting line 25r. ;.The:;t'elt :bars 2:32; and i2-3fx;.aregfixed .toitheir respective jaws by the pins 1.214.: {passing :through ithe flanges Zrlrand 221.2; -;The;lock;of3-hair-ato be waved .is clamped and-wound :upon arratchet rod "(not shown) in the conventional ecroquignole manner. e 1

This invention operates substantially as ,rfolvided into separate". locks reach of which "is olamped between the ,jaws :l :and .-2;of the clamps. as :near the scalprasgpracticable. The yielding strips [5 and I6 surround the lock of hairlto pre ;vent:steam and liquid -penetrating, to the scalp. Heretofore there has been ,a "certainamount-aof papillary seepage through clamps having round or elliptical opening therethrough zbecausethe rubber jaws :cannot ibe depended uponJ-to seal the gaps on opposite sides of the lock of "hair -'on the meeting line of the clampjaws. the present invention this seepage .:is;;oversome by the peculiarxshapegof the jaws immerdiatelysurroundingthe ;-lock;of hair; see Figs. 1 and 2. The intermediate portion of the meeting line is deflected as from Ato B in Figs. 12and'5.

I be noted that the arouate line bisects-the .straight "meeting line C of the jaws. This substantially right angle meeting :at,A'-and B .effeotively seals the meeting strips 1 5 and IS on oppo- ,site .sides of .the clampedlock :of hair. #Even though the lock assumes a substantially crescent shape .in cross section between the points A-B, the converging lines at these points will insure a perfect seating of the packing strips one against the other since they are not subject to .wedging action .of the thickness :of the hair :form- The cam latch at l 1-12 is capable of distorting the jaws if an excessive amount of hair .is inter-posed causinga dangerous leakage between them. This danger is negligible when the hair .clamping areas are concentrated at .a point lateral'tothe normal meeting line C, as in F-igs- 1, 5

and 7.

This intermediate lateral :gap in the jaws *l "and I-;la:gre atly facilitates the concentrated evenidisment :provides a free :center portion ."for .the disposition of the end 25 of the curling rod, seeFlig. Above the :clamp .the ;hair waving technique is ronventionalw The string 26 is looped and tied and the loop passed under the yielding clip 21 fixed to the top of the clamp. The string is then passed through the slot in the end of the rod and then around the lock of hair H and back through the slot. The hair is then spiraled around the rod and tied at the outer end. The winding and tieing technique will vary with the type of rod used and the nature of the hair wave desired.

Therod .withthe hair -tied theretois then enclosed in the usual saturated pa'd Eand enclosing paper 28' and inserted in the heating element 28 gm. the usual manner. During the steaming period the curling solu- Thesame general structure of ithe .olamp vis itionJflowsirom the wet pad into the hair and any excess .and condensation runs down the rod and collects on top of the clamp. In the present instance, it drains into the depressions l' and 2. Initherolditypesmffclamps this hot drainage would seep between the jaws .or run along the meeting line of the' jaws and drip off the ends directly onto the scalp causing discomfort when it did not de- --velop serious-scalds.

A further advantage-ofthe idBDl'BSSiOIlS l', --2' :and I'm and 25a: is the high thermalinsulating zefiiciency .of the deadiair "impounded in :the de-i :pressions :between the clamp :and the heater.28 to :protect the scalp from-transmitted heat.

As a further protection against :heatand moisture, the :removable absorbent felt pad 23 :is interposed between the clampandthescalp. Inad- :dition to.-its attaching. function, the flanges 2| and 21.1: compress the felt pads to close the-slit 23' in Fig. 5 and 23's: 'in' Fig.8 toinsurecapillary .:attraction between "the :protective :pads' and the .hair soakedwiththe 'curlingfsolution to prevent the liquid reaching the scalp. These solutions There are many :syntheticfcompositions now available %for molding the :jaw parts zin the suggested forms shown. These are largely composed of formaldehyde-phenol binders for asbestos and other :inert constituents .zfor dielectrics of low thermal conductivityiforming compositions popularly known as bakelite. .I- do not wish 'to be .understood as limiting this .inven'tionithereto since the. jaws :of the clampcould be cast .in suitable metals or. built up of die stampings as commonly ,:used inthis art without sacrificing the functional advantage set forth.

:Having thus described this invention what --is claimed and desired to secureby Letters Patent p 1. -A clamp'for the purpose described including hinged jaws having resilient meeting edges, the meeting line of said edges being larcuately defiecte'd intermediate its length; .and a latch adapted to compress said edges together;

;2. A clamp for the purposexdescribed including jaws of dielectric heat-insulating material having resilient meeting edges; .a hinge projecting from oneof :said jawsand completely embedded in the opposed jaw; "and a latch embedded'in said jaws within the margins thereof and adapted to compress said edges together.

3. Aclamp for thepurpose'described including a pairof hinged jaws having flanged peripheries and resilient meeting edges; a latch adapted to compress said edgestogether; a protectivepad dare ioften highly alkaline and irritating "to' the within said peripheral flanges and pins engaging said flanges and pad.

4. A clamp for the purpose described including jaws of dielectric, heat insulating material having depressions in their upper planes; compressible packing strips interposed between the meeting edges of said jaws and having flanged edges overlying the edges of said jaws; a protective pad fixed to the under side of said jaws and having a slit registering with the meeting line of said packing strips; and a latch adapted to compress said packing strips and the meeting edges 5 of said slit together respectively.

- ELI RAY BOALS. 

